Since COBUILD in the 1980s, lexicographers have found it essential to engage with and utilize electronic computational tools. This book responds with theoretical and practical analysis of key topics, from a global range of contributors. Online dictionaries and reference tools are increasingly prevalent in a digitized and internet-led era in language study that has embraced computational linguistics. This book looks at current research and future directions in e-lexicography.
Boston/New York: Houghton Mifflin Company. – The American Heritage Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs. American Heritage Dictionary of Phrasal Verbs 2005. The author argues that their common perception as particularly ‘English’, ‘colloquial’ and ‘informal’ has its origin in the eighteenth-century normative tradition.ĭictionaries. In this context the question is discussed to what extent the older prefixes were replaced by particles and borrowed prefixes, how the characteristic etymological and semantic properties of the Modern English phrasal verbs can be explained and what role they play in the lexicon. The interplay of phonological, morphological, syntactic and semantic factors in the loss of the native prefixes in the history of English is investigated. From a cross-linguistic and comparative perspective the Old English prefix verbs are identified as preverbs and the shift towards postposition of the particles is connected to the development of more general patterns of word order. A contrastive survey of the basic semantic and syntactic characteristics of verb-particle constructions in the present-day Germanic languages shows that the English construction is structurally unremarkable and its analysis as a periphrastic word-formation is proposed. The book traces the evolution of the English verb-particle construction (‘phrasal verb’) from Indo-European and Germanic up to the present. Domain minimization in English verb-particle constructions. Includes: *Thesaurus boxes help students expand their vocabulary *Thousands of collocations show students which words they need to learn as a phrase *3000 Active Words with key infomation including grammar patterns, this allows students to focus on the most important words to learn *Colour photos help students understand meanings more easily and make words more memorable *24-page Longman Learner's Handbook provides more infomation on subjects such as vocabulary building, collocations, phrasal verbs and writing *Clear definitions use only 2000 common words that students can esily understand *Full colour throughout CD-ROM: *Full dictionary text *All headwords and thousands of examples pronounced in British and American English *Record and check your own pronuciation *Interactive excersises - including FCE and IELTS exam practice *Photo dictionary, with photographs, sounds and video clips sorted by category *Pop-up dictionary - instant definitions for words on the Internet or in Word documents Longman Active study Dictionary, is perfect for students making the move from bilingual to monolingual dictionaries. By considering these aspects, we will be able to see whether it is really an effective learning tool for learners.Longman Active study Dictionary, is perfect for students making the move from bilingual to monolingual dictionaries. In this review, we will concentrate on three aspects of this dictionary: the coverage of its entry items, the effectiveness and uniqueness of the characteristic features adopted in this dictionary, and a problematic strategy found in the macrostructure of headword PV items. This dictionary is “specially designed to help learners of English deal confidently with phrasal verbs” (page vi).
Macmillan Phrasal Verbs Plus is a specialized dictionary of English phrasal verbs (“PVs”, henceforth) and other structurally similar phrases of verbs and particles. (1999: 408-409, 415), more than 2,000 phrasal verbs, items consisting of a verb (and a complement) followed by an adverb in their definition, and over 5,000 prepositional verbs, items consisting of a verb followed by a preposition in their definition, are used in every one million words in fiction and conversations. Phrasal verbs are extremely significant in the English language. prepositions and adverbs, that have more or less different meanings from those of the verbs alone. “Phrasal verb” is a term that refers to those units of verbs and particles, i.e.